耐火材(cai)料、电(dian)子、陶(tao)瓷、冶金、机器、建材(cai)、特(te)种材(cai)料、新材(cai)料开发等领域的试验和(he)检测(ce)
广泛用(yong)于航天航空、陶瓷、冶金、电子、玻璃、发(fa)光材(cai)(cai)料、有色金属、化(hua)工、机(ji)械、耐火材(cai)(cai)料、新(xin)材(cai)(cai)料开发(fa)、特种材(cai)(cai)料、建(jian)材(cai)(cai)等领域(yu)的生
广泛用于航天航空、陶瓷、冶金(jin)、电(dian)子(zi)、玻(bo)璃、发(fa)光(guang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、有色金(jin)属、化工、机械、耐(nai)火材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、新(xin)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)开发(fa)、特种材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、建(jian)材(cai)(cai)等领域(yu)的(de)生
洛阳研博窑炉有限公司的(de)客户们在使用(yong)实验电炉时,所使用(yong)设(she)备(bei)及操作的(de)重要性(xing),随着各(ge)种新(xin)型炉要求的(de)增(zeng)加(jia),公司提供(gong)部分技术(shu)资料(liao)尽(jin)供(gong)参考。
实验电炉加热特点
工作环(huan)(huan)境优越(yue)、提(ti)高(gao)工人(ren)劳动环(huan)(huan)境和(he)公司形(xing)象、无(wu)污染、低耗能感应加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)炉(lu)(lu)与(yu)煤(mei)(mei)炉(lu)(lu)相比,,工人(ren)不会再受炎炎烈日下煤(mei)(mei)炉(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)烘(hong)烤(kao)与(yu)烟熏,更可达到(dao)环(huan)(huan)保(bao)部门的(de)(de)(de)各项(xiang)指标要(yao)求,同时树(shu)立公司外在(zai)形(xing)象与(yu)锻造业未来的(de)(de)(de)发展趋(qu)势。感应加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)是(shi)电(dian)(dian)加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)炉(lu)(lu)中最节能的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)方(fang)式由室温(wen)加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)到(dao)1100℃的(de)(de)(de)吨(dun)锻件耗电(dian)(dian)量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于360度(du)。加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)均(jun)(jun)匀,芯(xin)表温(wen)差极(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),温(wen)控精度(du)高(gao)感应加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)其热(re)(re)(re)量(liang)在(zai)工件内(nei)自(zi)身产生所以加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)均(jun)(jun)匀,芯(xin)表温(wen)差极(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。应用温(wen)控系统可实现对温(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)精确(que)控制提(ti)高(gao)产品质量(liang)和(he)合格率(lv)。感应加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)炉(lu)(lu)具有(you)(you)体积小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),重量(liang)轻、效率(lv)高(gao)、热(re)(re)(re)加(jia)(jia)工质量(liang)优及有(you)(you)利环(huan)(huan)境等优点正迅(xun)速淘汰燃煤(mei)(mei)炉(lu)(lu)、燃气(qi)炉(lu)(lu)、燃油炉(lu)(lu)及普通电(dian)(dian)阻炉(lu)(lu),管式电(dian)(dian)炉(lu)(lu),是(shi)新一(yi)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)属加(jia)(jia)热(re)(re)(re)设备。
工(gong)业上应(ying)(ying)用(yong)的感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)有坩埚炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(无芯(xin)(xin)感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu))和熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)(有芯(xin)(xin)感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)),见图2感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)体(ti)(ti)结构示意(yi)。坩埚用(yong)耐火材料或(huo)(huo)钢(gang)制成,容(rong)量从几公(gong)斤(jin)到几十吨。其(qi)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)炼特点是坩埚中熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体(ti)(ti)受电动力作用(yong),迫使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池(chi)液(ye)面凸(tu)起(qi),熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体(ti)(ti)自液(ye)面中心流向四周而引起(qi)循(xun)环(huan)流动。这种现象称(cheng)为(wei)电动效应(ying)(ying),可使熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体(ti)(ti)成分(fen)均匀(yun),缺点是炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)渣偏向周边,覆盖性(xing)差。与熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)比较(jiao),坩埚炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)操作灵活,熔(rong)(rong)(rong)炼温度高,但功率因数低,电耗较(jiao)高。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)器由铁芯(xin)(xin)、感(gan)(gan)应(ying)(ying)圈和熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)衬组成,熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)为(wei)一(yi)条或(huo)(huo)两条带状环(huan)形(xing)沟(gou)(gou),其(qi)中充满与熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池(chi)相联通的熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体(ti)(ti)。在原理上,可以把熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)看作是次级只有一(yi)匝线圈而且短路的铁芯(xin)(xin)变压器。
感应电(dian)流在熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体中流动,而实现电(dian)热(re)转变。高(gao)温电(dian)炉(lu)生产中,每(mei)炉(lu)金属(shu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)炼完毕(bi)后,不(bu)能把(ba)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池放空,不(bu)然容(rong)易(yi)干枯,一(yi)(yi)定要保留一(yi)(yi)部分熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体作(zuo)为(wei)下一(yi)(yi)炉(lu)的(de)起熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)温度比熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池高(gao),又(you)承受熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体流动的(de)冲刷,所以熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)衬容(rong)易(yi)损坏,为(wei)便(bian)于(yu)(yu)维(wei)修,现代(dai)炉(lu)子的(de)感应器制(zhi)成便(bian)于(yu)(yu)更换的(de)装配件。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)的(de)容(rong)量(liang)从几百公斤到百余吨。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)供工频电(dian),由于(yu)(yu)有用(yong)(yong)硅(gui)钢片制(zhi)作(zuo)的(de)铁芯(xin)作(zuo)磁通路(lu),电(dian)效率和功率因数(shu)都很高(gao)。熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沟(gou)(gou)炉(lu)主要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)铸(zhu)铁、铜(tong)、锌、黄(huang)铜(tong)等的(de)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化,还可作(zuo)为(wei)混(hun)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)沪,用(yong)(yong)来贮存(cun)和加热(re)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)体。
加热速度(du)快、生(sheng)产(chan)效率(lv)(lv)高(gao)、氧(yang)化(hua)脱(tuo)炭少(shao)、节省材料与锻模成本由(you)于中频感(gan)应加热的(de)原(yuan)理(li)为(wei)电磁感(gan)应,其(qi)热量在工(gong)(gong)件内自身(shen)产(chan)生(sheng),普通(tong)工(gong)(gong)人用中频电炉(lu)(lu)上班后十分(fen)钟即可(ke)进行锻造(zao)任(ren)务的(de)连续工(gong)(gong)作,不需烧(shao)炉(lu)(lu)专业工(gong)(gong)人提前进行烧(shao)炉(lu)(lu)和封炉(lu)(lu)工(gong)(gong)作。不必担心由(you)于停(ting)电或设备故障引起(qi)的(de)煤炉(lu)(lu)已加热坯料的(de)浪费现(xian)象(xiang)。由(you)于该(gai)(gai)加热方(fang)式(shi)升温速度(du)快,实验电炉(lu)(lu)所以氧(yang)化(hua)极少(shao),每吨(dun)锻件和烧(shao)煤炉(lu)(lu)相比(bi)至少(shao)节约(yue)钢(gang)材原(yuan)材料20-50千(qian)克,其(qi)材料利用率(lv)(lv)可(ke)达(da)95%。由(you)于该(gai)(gai)加热方(fang)式(shi)加热均匀,芯表温差极小,所以在锻造(zao)方(fang)面(mian)还大(da)大(da)的(de)增加了锻模的(de)寿命,锻件表面(mian)的(de)粗糙度(du)也小于50um。
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